Vulnerability Scan Result
| Title: | EMQX Dashboard |
| Description: | No description found |
| ip_address | 217.115.76.46 |
| country | DE  |
| network_name | Atos Information Technology GmbH |
| asn | AS21150 |
22/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
25/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
53/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
80/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
106/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
110/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
143/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
443/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
465/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
587/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
993/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
995/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
5051/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
6379/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
8443/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
| Nginx | Web servers, Reverse proxies |
| Vue.js | JavaScript frameworks |
| Plesk | Hosting panels |
| HSTS | Security |
Web Application Vulnerabilities
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
| Nginx | Web servers, Reverse proxies |
| Vue.js | JavaScript frameworks |
| Plesk | Hosting panels |
| HSTS | Security |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-200 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Evidence
| URL | Evidence |
|---|---|
| https://mqtt.esec-iot.de/ | Response does not include the HTTP Content-Security-Policy security header or meta tag |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that the target application lacks the Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header in its HTTP responses. The CSP header is a security measure that instructs web browsers to enforce specific security rules, effectively preventing the exploitation of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities.
Risk description
The risk is that if the target application is vulnerable to XSS, lack of this header makes it easily exploitable by attackers.
Recommendation
Configure the Content-Security-Header to be sent with each HTTP response in order to apply the specific policies needed by the application.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-1021 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Evidence
| URL | Method | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| https://mqtt.esec-iot.de/ | OPTIONS | We did a HTTP OPTIONS request. The server responded with a 200 status code and the header: `Allow: HEAD, GET, OPTIONS` Request / Response |
Vulnerability description
We have noticed that the webserver responded with an Allow HTTP header when an OPTIONS HTTP request was sent. This method responds to requests by providing information about the methods available for the target resource.
Risk description
The only risk this might present nowadays is revealing debug HTTP methods that can be used on the server. This can present a danger if any of those methods can lead to sensitive information, like authentication information, secret keys.
Recommendation
We recommend that you check for unused HTTP methods or even better, disable the OPTIONS method. This can be done using your webserver configuration.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-16 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Vulnerability description
We have noticed that the server is missing the security.txt file, which is considered a good practice for web security. It provides a standardized way for security researchers and the public to report security vulnerabilities or concerns by outlining the preferred method of contact and reporting procedures.
Risk description
There is no particular risk in not having a security.txt file for your server. However, this file is important because it offers a designated channel for reporting vulnerabilities and security issues.
Recommendation
We recommend you to implement the security.txt file according to the standard, in order to allow researchers or users report any security issues they find, improving the defensive mechanisms of your server.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-1188 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Infrastructure Vulnerabilities
Evidence
| Operating System | Accuracy |
|---|---|
| Cisco Unified Communications Manager VoIP adapter | 86% |
Vulnerability description
OS Detection
Evidence
| Domain Queried | DNS Record Type | Description | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| mqtt.esec-iot.de | A | IPv4 address | 217.115.76.46 |
| mqtt.esec-iot.de | CNAME | Canonical name | mail.esec-iot.de |
Risk description
An initial step for an attacker aiming to learn about an organization involves conducting searches on its domain names to uncover DNS records associated with the organization. This strategy aims to amass comprehensive insights into the target domain, enabling the attacker to outline the organization's external digital landscape. This gathered intelligence may subsequently serve as a foundation for launching attacks, including those based on social engineering techniques. DNS records pointing to services or servers that are no longer in use can provide an attacker with an easy entry point into the network.
Recommendation
We recommend reviewing all DNS records associated with the domain and identifying and removing unused or obsolete records.